{"id":5750,"date":"2023-01-25T11:58:19","date_gmt":"2023-01-25T11:58:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/?p=5750"},"modified":"2023-01-25T11:58:21","modified_gmt":"2023-01-25T11:58:21","slug":"italian-past-tense","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/italian-past-tense\/","title":{"rendered":"Your #1 Guide to the Italian Past Tense"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/photo-1453828423292-392a660a502f.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5752\" src=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/photo-1453828423292-392a660a502f.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1050\" height=\"700\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>If you are reading this article, you&#8217;re likely tired of Italian present tenses and want to step up your game by learning how to describe events that happened in the past. Well, you&#8217;ve come to the ultimate guide to the Italian past tense!<\/p>\n<p>In this overview, you will learn <strong>the most common past tenses in Italian<\/strong>. You will find plenty of <strong>real-life examples and verb conjugations<\/strong> to help you commit everything you learn to memory.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s get started!<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"post-5750-_9ug5jyo85abo\"><\/a>How many past tenses are there in Italian?<\/h2>\n<p>Italian is known for having a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/italian-tenses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>complex verb system<\/strong><\/a>, so it&#8217;s not surprising that there are quite a few different types of Italian past tenses. These tenses are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>passato prossimo<\/strong> (present perfect)<\/li>\n<li><strong>imperfetto<\/strong> (imperfect)<\/li>\n<li><strong>passato remoto<\/strong> (preterite)<\/li>\n<li><strong>trapassato prossimo<\/strong> (past perfect)<\/li>\n<li><strong>trapassato remoto<\/strong> (past preterite)<\/li>\n<li><strong>condizionale passato<\/strong> (past conditional)<\/li>\n<li><strong>congiuntivo passato<\/strong> (past subjunctive)<\/li>\n<li><strong>congiuntivo imperfetto<\/strong> (imperfect subjunctive)<\/li>\n<li><strong>congiuntivo trapassato<\/strong> (past perfect subjunctive)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>This can be a little\u2026 overwhelming!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>At the end of the day, however, <strong>you can get by with just 3<\/strong> of these tenses:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>passato prossimo<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>imperfetto<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>passato remoto<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is because many of the verb tenses mentioned above are less common in everyday language. <em>Trapassato remoto<\/em>, for example, is only ever used in novels, and it&#8217;s still a rare find even in the written language.<\/p>\n<p>That said, let&#8217;s dive right away into the most common Italian past tense of all, the <strong>passato prossimo<\/strong>!<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"post-5750-_2aoy3u72zthd\"><\/a>The most common Italian past tense: <em>Passato prossimo<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>As I said, the <em>passato prossimo<\/em> is a very common verb tense in Italian, so you need to know how it works if you want to tell your Italian friends about that amazing vacation you just had in Rome.<\/p>\n<p>The <em>passato prossimo<\/em> is roughly equivalent to the <strong>present perfect<\/strong> and <strong>past simple<\/strong> tenses. It\u2019s used to describe events that happened in the past, regardless of whether or not the action that began in the past still has a connection to the present.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Siamo<\/span> appena <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">partiti<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/strong> We have just left.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Ho preparato<\/span> una torta.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I have baked a cake.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This common Italian past tense is a <strong>compound tense<\/strong>. This means that it&#8217;s made up of two verbs: a helper verb in the present tense, also called an <strong>auxiliary verb<\/strong>, and the <strong>past participle<\/strong> of the main verb.<\/p>\n<p>First of all, let&#8217;s review the present tense conjugations of the two possible helper verbs you can use, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/avere-conjugation-italian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>avere<\/strong><\/a> (to have) and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/essere-conjugation-italian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>essere<\/strong><\/a> (to be).<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"post-5750-_gmy09thkkqsz\"><\/a>Italian past tense helper verbs: Conjugations<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>avere<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>essere<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>io ho<\/td>\n<td>io sono<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>tu hai<\/td>\n<td>tu sei<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>lui\/lei ha<\/td>\n<td>lui\/lei \u00e8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>noi abbiamo<\/td>\n<td>noi siamo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>voi avete<\/td>\n<td>voi siete<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>loro hanno<\/td>\n<td>loro sono<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Examples of <em>passato prossimo<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Hanno aperto<\/span> la porta.<br \/>\n<\/strong> They opened the door.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Hai comprato<\/span> il latte?<br \/>\n<\/strong> Did you buy the milk?<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Sono stato<\/span> dal medico stamattina.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I went to the doctor this morning.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Siete riusciti<\/span> a risolvere il problema?<br \/>\n<\/strong> Were you able to solve the problem?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-5750-_82xw7xe4baz\"><\/a>When do you use <em>essere<\/em> or <em>avere<\/em> in the Italian past tense?<\/h3>\n<p>How do you know which helper verb to use? For example, which Italian verbs take <em>essere<\/em>? It&#8217;s quite easy to tell:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>transitive verbs<\/strong> use <strong>avere<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>intransitive verbs<\/strong>, <strong>reflexive verbs<\/strong> and <strong>movement verbs<\/strong> use <strong>essere<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A <strong>transitive verb<\/strong> is a verb that can take a direct object.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ho bevuto <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">un bicchiere d\u2019acqua<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I drank a glass of water.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Laura ha piegato <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">una camicia<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/strong> Laura has folded a shirt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>An <strong>intransitive verb<\/strong> is a verb that doesn\u2019t take a direct object.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>La riunione \u00e8 iniziata <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">alle 15<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/strong> The meeting started at 3 p.m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sono nato <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">il 3 aprile<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I was born on April 3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A <strong>reflexive verb<\/strong> in Italian ends in <em>-rsi<\/em> in the infinitive mood, so it&#8217;s very easy to recognize. Examples of reflexive verbs are <em>lavarsi<\/em> and <em>alzarsi<\/em>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Il gatto <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">si \u00e8 lavato<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/strong> The cat cleaned itself.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Il pap\u00e0 <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">si \u00e8 alzato<\/span> all&#8217;alba.<br \/>\n<\/strong> Dad got (himself) up at dawn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Finally, <strong>movement verbs<\/strong> are verbs that imply movement such as <em>scendere<\/em> (to get down), <em>arrivare<\/em> (to arrive), or <em>scappare<\/em> (to flee).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Sono sceso<\/span> al piano terra.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I have gone down to the first floor.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Siamo<\/span> appena <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">arrivati<\/span> all&#8217;aeroporto.<br \/>\n<\/strong> We have just arrived at the airport.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Il ladro <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00e8 scappato<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/strong> The thief has escaped.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-5750-_lz9vdttfyiss\"><\/a>How do you get the past participle of an Italian verb?<\/h3>\n<p>Our Italian past tense wouldn&#8217;t be complete without a <strong>past participle<\/strong>. It&#8217;s the most important element in our sentence because it describes the main action!<\/p>\n<p>To get the past participle of <strong>regular verbs<\/strong> all you have to do is remove the <em>-are<\/em>, <em>-ere<\/em> or <em>-ire<\/em> endings from the infinitive verb and replace them with either &#8211;<strong>ato, -uto or -ito<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>infinitive verb<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>root verb<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>past participle<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ferm<strong>are<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ferm-<\/td>\n<td>ferm<strong>ato<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cad<strong>ere<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cad-<\/td>\n<td>cad<strong>uto<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>fin<strong>ire<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>fin-<\/td>\n<td>fin<strong>ito<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ho ferm<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ato<\/span> un taxi.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I have stopped a taxi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Laura \u00e8 cad<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">uta<\/span> dalla bicicletta.<br \/>\n<\/strong> Laura fell off her bicycle.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ho fin<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ito<\/span> di fare i compiti.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I have finished my homework.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I know what you&#8217;re thinking. Why is the past participle <em>caduta<\/em> instead of <em>caduto<\/em> as seen in the table above?<\/p>\n<p>Well, <em>I lied<\/em>. There&#8217;s another rule that defines how the Italian past tense works: past participles that use <strong><em>essere<\/em> as a helper verb<\/strong> must <strong>match the gender and number of the subject<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Laura is a feminine first name in Italian, so the subject is female and is only one person. We\u2019ll say <em>caduta<\/em> because that&#8217;s the feminine singular form of <em>caduto<\/em>. For the sake of completeness, here are all the possible forms of <em>caduto<\/em>:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>singular<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>plural<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>masculine<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cadut<strong>o<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cadut<strong>i<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>feminine<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cadut<strong>a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cadut<strong>e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Other examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Siamo and<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ati<\/span> al ristorante.<br \/>\n<\/strong> We went to the restaurant.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Le mie sorelle sono part<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ite<\/span> per Londra.<br \/>\n<\/strong> My sisters left for London.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-5750-_dldvv04vubvc\"><\/a>Irregular past participles in Italian<\/h3>\n<p>Some past participles are completely irregular and you will need to learn them by heart if you want natives to understand you when you use a compound past tense in Italian.<\/p>\n<p>Examples of irregular past participles in Italian are:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>chiesto<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>asked<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>bevuto<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>drunk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>letto<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>read<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>scritto<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>written<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>venuto<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>come<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>rotto<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>broken<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>messo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>put<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dove hai <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">messo<\/span> i tuoi occhiali?<br \/>\n<\/strong> Where have you put your glasses?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ho <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">scritto<\/span> tre romanzi gialli.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I\u2019ve written three crime novels.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quanti libri avete <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">letto<\/span> questo mese?<br \/>\n<\/strong> How many books have you read this month?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/photo-1434030216411-0b793f4b4173.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5755\" src=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/photo-1434030216411-0b793f4b4173.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1050\" height=\"700\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"post-5750-_azu2hlyohuaz\"><\/a>The second most common Italian past tense: <em>Imperfetto<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>The <em>imperfetto<\/em> tense is almost as common as the <em>passato prossimo<\/em>. It is used to talk about <strong>repetitive actions<\/strong>, events that happened in a \u201chazy\u201d past and to set a scene (it\u2019s very common in novels along with <em>passato remoto<\/em>). It is also used to talk about past events that happened simultaneously.<\/p>\n<p>The <em>imperfetto<\/em> is roughly equivalent to either the English <strong>past progressive<\/strong> (<em>I was\u2026 -ing<\/em>) tense or the <strong>past simple<\/strong> tense.<\/p>\n<p>Examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Quando <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ero<\/span> bambino, mi <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">piaceva<\/span> molto correre.<br \/>\n<\/strong> When I was a kid, I loved to run.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Andavo<\/span> spesso al parco giochi.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I used to go to the playground a lot.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La mamma <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">leggeva<\/span> mentre il pap\u00e0 <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">scriveva<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/strong> Mom was reading while Dad was writing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This Italian past tense is very easy to conjugate because it is not a compound tense (it uses <strong>endings<\/strong> instead) and <strong>irregular conjugations are rare<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"post-5750-_lo40s9p8lyfg\"><\/a>Regular conjugations of the <em>imperfetto<\/em> tense<\/h3>\n<p>To conjugate any regular verb in the <em>imperfetto<\/em> past tense, take the <strong>stem of the verb<\/strong> (remove -are, -ere or -ire) and add the necessary ending, as shown in the table below.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>lavor-are<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>corr-ere<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>costru-ire<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>io\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>avo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>corr<strong>evo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>costru<strong>ivo<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>tu\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>avi<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>corr<strong>evi<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>costru<strong>ivi<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>lui\/lei\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>ava<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>corr<strong>eva<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>costru<strong>iva<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>noi\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>avamo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>corr<strong>evamo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>costru<strong>ivamo<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>voi\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>avate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>corr<strong>evate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>costru<strong>ivate<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>loro\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>avano<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>corr<strong>evano<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>costru<strong>ivano<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Other examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Luca <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">mangiava<\/span> una mela.<br \/>\n<\/strong> Luca was eating an apple.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La neve <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">cadeva<\/span> sul prato.<br \/>\n<\/strong> Snow was falling on the meadow.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Il leone <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ruggiva<\/span> nella savana.<br \/>\n<\/strong> The lion roared in the savannah.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-5750-_cha1xv1ssd0q\"><\/a>Irregular conjugations of the <em>imperfetto<\/em> tense<\/h3>\n<p>As I said in one of the previous paragraphs, there are very few verbs that are irregular in the <em>imperfetto<\/em> tense. More precisely, their <em>stems<\/em> are irregular. These are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>essere <\/strong>(er-)<\/li>\n<li><strong>dire<\/strong> (dic-)<\/li>\n<li><strong>fare<\/strong> (fac-)<\/li>\n<li><strong>bere <\/strong>(bev-)<\/li>\n<li>verbs ending in &#8211;<strong>urre<\/strong> (-duc-)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>essere<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>dire<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>fare<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>bere<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>tradurre<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>io\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">er<\/span>o<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">dic<\/span>evo<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">fac<\/span>evo<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">bev<\/span>evo<\/td>\n<td>tra<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">duc<\/span>evo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>tu\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>eri<\/td>\n<td>dicevi<\/td>\n<td>facevi<\/td>\n<td>bevevi<\/td>\n<td>traducevi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>lui\/lei\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>era<\/td>\n<td>diceva<\/td>\n<td>faceva<\/td>\n<td>beveva<\/td>\n<td>traduceva<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>noi\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>eravamo<\/td>\n<td>dicevamo<\/td>\n<td>facevamo<\/td>\n<td>bevevamo<\/td>\n<td>traducevamo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>voi\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>eravate<\/td>\n<td>dicevate<\/td>\n<td>facevate<\/td>\n<td>bevevate<\/td>\n<td>traducevate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>loro\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>erano<\/td>\n<td>dicevano<\/td>\n<td>facevano<\/td>\n<td>bevevano<\/td>\n<td>traducevano<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><a id=\"post-5750-_8oiy423s16zy\"><\/a>The third most common Italian past tense: <em>Passato remoto<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>The <em>passato remoto<\/em>, \u201cremote past\u201d, is mainly used in novels, but you can still hear it sometimes in southern Italy, where it lives on in colloquial speech. So why is it such an important tense, so much so that it deserves a place on our list?<\/p>\n<p>The <strong><em>passato remoto<\/em> is very, very common in literature<\/strong>. The vast majority of Italian novels use the <em>passato remoto<\/em> tense in conjunction with the <em>imperfetto<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Il bambino <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">prese<\/span> la palla.<br \/>\n<\/strong> The kid took the ball.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Mangiai<\/span> una mela.<br \/>\n<\/strong> I ate an apple.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La bottiglia <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">cadde<\/span> per terra.<br \/>\n<\/strong>The bottle fell to the ground.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-5750-_tzjjz9l9p5s4\"><\/a>Irregular conjugations of the <em>passato remoto<\/em> tense<\/h3>\n<p>Unfortunately, many verbs in this tense are irregular and you will have to learn them by heart. The easiest and most effortless way to do this is to read lots of books in Italian (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/best-way-to-learn-italian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">especially if you read them aloud<\/a>)!<\/p>\n<p>Common irregular verbs are <strong>essere<\/strong> (to be), <strong>avere<\/strong> (to have), <strong>fare<\/strong> (to do) and <strong>leggere<\/strong> (to read). Let\u2019s look at their conjugations in the table below.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>essere<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>avere<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>fare<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>leggere<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>io\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>fui<\/td>\n<td>ebbi<\/td>\n<td>feci<\/td>\n<td>lessi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>tu\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>fosti<\/td>\n<td>avesti<\/td>\n<td>facesti<\/td>\n<td>leggesti<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>lui\/lei\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>fu<\/td>\n<td>ebbe<\/td>\n<td>fece<\/td>\n<td>lesse<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>noi\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>fummo<\/td>\n<td>avemmo<\/td>\n<td>facemmo<\/td>\n<td>leggemmo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>voi\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>foste<\/td>\n<td>aveste<\/td>\n<td>faceste<\/td>\n<td>leggeste<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>loro\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>furono<\/td>\n<td>ebbero<\/td>\n<td>fecero<\/td>\n<td>lessero<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gli ospiti non <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">furono<\/span> contenti.<br \/>\n<\/strong> The guests weren\u2019t happy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Luca <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ebbe<\/span> solo un attimo per controllare il testo.<br \/>\n<\/strong> Luca had only a moment to check the text.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Facemmo<\/span> un bel pupazzo di neve.<br \/>\n<\/strong> We made a nice snowman.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La maestra <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">lesse<\/span> il libro ad alta voce.<br \/>\n<\/strong> The teacher read the book aloud.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-5750-_9l6ywdllo2k6\"><\/a>Regular conjugations of the <em>passato remoto<\/em> tense<\/h3>\n<p>To conjugate any regular verb in the <em>passato remoto<\/em> past tense, take the <strong>stem of the verb<\/strong> (again, remove -are, -ere or -ire) and add the ending, as shown in the table below.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>lavor-are<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>cred-ere<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>mor-ire<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>io\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>ai<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cred<strong>etti<\/strong>\/cred<strong>ei<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mor<strong>ii<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>tu\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>asti<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cred<strong>esti<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mor<strong>isti<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>lui\/lei\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>\u00f2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cred<strong>ette<\/strong>\/cred<strong>\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mor<strong>\u00ec<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>noi\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>ammo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cred<strong>emmo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mor<strong>immo<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>voi\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>aste<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cred<strong>este<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mor<strong>iste<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>loro\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>lavor<strong>arono<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>cred<strong>ettero<\/strong>\/cred<strong>erono<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>mor<strong>irono<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Lavorammo<\/span> per tutto il giorno.<br \/>\n<\/strong> We worked all day long.<\/li>\n<li><strong>I ragazzi <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">credettero<\/span> di aver visto un fantasma.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The boys thought they had seen a ghost.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u2019uomo <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">mor\u00ec<\/span> a 86 anni.<br \/>\n<\/strong> The man died at the age of 86.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There are two possible conjugations for many verbs ending in -ere in the first person singular (<strong>io<\/strong>), third person singular (<strong>lui, lei<\/strong>) and third person plural (<strong>loro<\/strong>). You can use either one, but if you ever read books in Italian, you will see that the first one is more common than the other.<\/p>\n<p>I hope you found this tour of the Italian past tense useful!<\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div style=\"background: #000; border-radius: 10px; color: #fff; margin-bottom: 1.6em; padding: 20px 30px 30px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 2em; font-weight: bold;\">Learn Italian faster with Clozemaster ?<\/div>\n<p><strong>Clozemaster&nbsp;<\/strong>has been designed to help you learn the language in context by filling in the gaps in authentic sentences. With features such as Grammar Challenges, Cloze-Listening, and Cloze-Reading, the app will let you emphasize all the competencies necessary to become fluent in Italian.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/languages\/learn-italian-online\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Take your Italian to the next level. Click here to start practicing with real Italian sentences!<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you are reading this article, you&#8217;re likely tired of Italian present tenses and want to step up your game by learning how to describe events that happened in the past. Well, you&#8217;ve come to the ultimate guide to the Italian past tense! In this overview, you will learn the most common past tenses in &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/italian-past-tense\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Your #1 Guide to the Italian Past Tense<\/span>Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4578],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5750","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-italian-grammar"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Your #1 Guide to the Italian Past Tense<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this overview, you will learn the most common past tenses in Italian. 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