{"id":2552,"date":"2018-09-07T13:00:24","date_gmt":"2018-09-07T13:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/?p=2552"},"modified":"2021-07-21T16:54:54","modified_gmt":"2021-07-21T16:54:54","slug":"german-conjunctions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/german-conjunctions\/","title":{"rendered":"German Conjunctions (Konjunktionen): A Complete Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4618 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/chain.jpg\" alt=\"Chain\" width=\"640\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/chain.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/chain-300x222.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cThis dress is so pretty, <strong>but <\/strong>it\u2019s just a little bit too short.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cI had to go home <strong>because<\/strong> I wasn\u2019t feeling well.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cHe didn\u2019t study very hard <strong>and therefore<\/strong> he failed his classes.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>What do all these sentences have in common? If you take a closer look at the way these statements are structured, you will see that all of these are held together by words like <strong>but<\/strong>, <strong>because<\/strong>, <strong>and<\/strong> or <strong>therefore<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>These words allow us to construct long and complicated sentences instead of only communicating with short and simple ones like \u201cI like drawing. I like painting.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>So what are those magic words that let us link together two different statements or explain causalities?<\/p>\n<p>The answer is: Conjunctions.<\/p>\n<p>And just like in any other language, <strong>German conjunctions<\/strong> are a vital part of the German language.<\/p>\n<p>In this post, we\u2019re going to have a closer look at the magic that is German conjunctions!<\/p>\n<h2>Types of German Conjunctions<\/h2>\n<p>There are two types of German conjunctions:\u00a0<strong>coordinating conjunctions <\/strong>and <strong>subordinating conjunctions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Subordinating conjunctions<\/strong> affect the structure of the sentence by changing the position of the verb\u00a0while <strong>coordinating conjunctions<\/strong> leave the position of the verb unchanged.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s have a closer look at these two types of German conjunctions!<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Coordinating conjunctions in German<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>As already stated, <strong>coordinating conjunction<\/strong>s in the German language <strong>do not affect the verb <\/strong>(or its position).<\/p>\n<p>If you encounter the following expressions, you can be sure that you are dealing with a coordinating conjunction.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>und<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>and<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>aber<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>but<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>denn<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>because<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>oder<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>sondern<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>but (as in <em>but rather<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>beziehungsweise<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>or, or more precisely<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>doch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>but, however<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>jedoch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>but, however<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>allein<\/strong> (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">rare expression<\/span>)<\/td>\n<td>but unfortunately<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>If you stumble upon the words listed above in a sentence, you know that these coordinating conjunctions link two sentences of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">equal importance<\/span> together.<\/p>\n<p>Because conjunctions (coordinating as well as subordinating) explain correlations between two sentences and\/or determine relations between two (or more) statements, it is very important that you familiarize yourself with the meaning of each specific conjunction.<\/p>\n<p>Let me give you some examples of German coordinating conjunctions!<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Examples<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2192 <strong>und, aber oder, sondern, denn<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Andy ist sehr intelligent, <strong>aber<\/strong> er hat einfach keinen Ehrgeiz. \u2014 <em>Andy is very intelligent, but he just doesn\u2019t have any ambition<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Sie ist nicht nur Mutter von drei Kindern, <strong>sondern<\/strong> [<em>sie<\/em>] schreibt auch Kinderb\u00fccher. \u2014 <em>She is not only a mom of three, but she writes children\u2019s books as well<\/em>.<br \/>\n(In this case, the word \u201csie\u201d is put in parentheses since you can technically leave it out<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Er wurde nach Hause geschickt, <strong>denn<\/strong> er war krank. \u2014 <em>He was sent home because he was sick<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Ich mag es, zu zeichnen <strong>und<\/strong> zu malen. \u2014 <em>I like drawing and painting<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Fun fact<\/strong>:<\/span> The Linguistic Society of America at the University of Michigan suggests that in order to memorize some of the German coordinating conjunctions, you can <strong>sing them<\/strong> to the music of \u201c<strong>Stayin\u2019 Alive<\/strong>\u201d by the Bee Gees.<\/p>\n<p>(I can guarantee you it is very effective. Also, you will have the song stuck in your head for the rest of the day. But whatever helps, right?)<\/p>\n<p>Let me show you:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>und<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>denn<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>son-<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>dern<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>aber &#8211; oder<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>aber &#8211; oder<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>ah<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>ha<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>ha<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>ha<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>stayin\u2019 alive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>stayin\u2019 alive<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Building this kind of memory hooks is essential\u2014especially when learning German conjunctions.<\/p>\n<p>After a coordinating conjunction, you will continue with the same word order as in the previous sentence. This means that both parts of the coordinated sentence act as independent sentences (which have been linked together) and their structure is not affected.<\/p>\n<p>When it comes to the position of the conjugated verb in a coordinating conjunction, the verb will be in the second position:<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<strong>Sie ist nicht nur Mutter von drei Kindern, sondern <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">schreibt<\/span> auch Kinderb\u00fccher<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Here the conjugated verb (\u201cschreiben\u201d \u2014 \u201csie schreibt\u201d) is in position two, meaning in the second \u201cslot\u201d of the sentence linked to the first one with a coordinating conjugation.<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>A few other helpful tips on German coordinating conjunctions<\/strong>:<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>The phrase \u201c<strong>nicht nur<\/strong>\u201d is always followed by \u201c<strong>sondern auch<\/strong>\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>The difference between the words \u201c<strong>sondern<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>aber<\/strong>\u201d is that you use \u201c<strong>sondern<\/strong>\u201d where you\u2019d use \u201cbut rather\u201d (meaning: <em>instead<\/em>) in English.<\/li>\n<li>The word \u201c<strong>sondern<\/strong>\u201d <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">must be<\/span> preceded by a negation.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<strong>Aber<\/strong>\u201d can be preceded by a negation, but it doesn\u2019t have to be.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<strong>Denn<\/strong>\u201d vs. \u201c<strong>weil<\/strong>\u201d: both words explain a causality and provide a reason, but there is one significant difference between them \u2014 they require a different word order. A \u201c<strong>denn<\/strong>\u201d-<strong>clause<\/strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">can never be at the beginning of a sentence<\/span>. If you want to start a sentence explaining a reason you have to use \u201c<strong>weil<\/strong>\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<strong>Jedoch<\/strong>\u201d is generally a stronger word than \u201c<strong>doch<\/strong>\u201d and can be used to add emphasis. The emphasis of the word can change depending on what position it occupies in the sentence:<br \/>\n\u2192 Er war ver\u00e4rgert, <strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">jedoch<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"> zeigte er es nicht. \u2014 <\/span><em style=\"font-size: 16px;\">He was angered, but he didn\u2019t show it<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">.<br \/>\n<\/span>\u2192 Er war ver\u00e4rgert, er zeigte es <strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">jedoch<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"> nicht. \u2014 <\/span><em style=\"font-size: 16px;\">He was angered, but he didn\u2019t show it<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">.<br \/>\n<\/span>In the first sentence, the position of the word \u201c<strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">jedoch<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u201d puts much more emphasis on the control he has over his anger.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Two-part coordinating conjunctions in German<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>German wouldn\u2019t be German if there wasn\u2019t some \u201cspecial case\u201d for every instance. Lucky for you, this one is pretty simple: I\u2019m talking about <strong>two-part coordinating conjunctions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>With two-part coordinations it is pretty much the same thing as with regular coordinating conjunctions: they leave the verb in the same position as in the preceding sentence.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>entweder \u2026 oder<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>either \u2026 or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>sowohl \u2026 als auch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>both \u2026 and<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>weder \u2026 noch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>neither \u2026 nor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>einerseits, \u2026 andererseits<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>on the one hand \u2026 on the other hand<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>mal \u2026 mal<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>sometimes \u2026 sometimes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>teils \u2026 teils<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>partly \u2026 partly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/span>:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Entweder<\/strong> wir gehen heute ins Kino <strong>oder<\/strong> wir gehen morgen. \u2014 <em>We can either go to the cinema today or we\u2019ll go tomorrow<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Ich mag <strong>sowohl<\/strong> Richard Wagner <strong>als auch<\/strong> Richard Strauss. \u2014 <em>I like both Richard Wagner and Richard Strauss<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Es ist <strong>weder<\/strong> eine besonders sch\u00f6ne Stadt <strong>noch<\/strong> sind ihre Bewohner freundlich. \u2014 <em>It is neither a nice city nor are its inhabitants particularly friendly<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Einerseits<\/strong> w\u00fcrde ich wirklich gerne auf die Party gehen, <strong>andererseits<\/strong> bin ich sehr m\u00fcde. \u2014 <em>On the one hand I would love to go to the party, on the other hand I am very tired<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mal<\/strong> kann ihr Hund sehr ruhig sein, <strong>mal<\/strong> ist er sehr anstrengend. \u2014 <em>Sometimes her dog is very calm, sometimes he\u2019s very exhausting<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Der Film war <strong>teils<\/strong> sehr sch\u00f6n, <strong>teils<\/strong> etwas langweilig. \u2014 <em>The movie was partly very beautiful, [and] partly somewhat boring<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Subordinating conjunctions in German<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Unlike coordinating conjunctions, German subordinating conjunctions change the position of the verb in the sentence. When encountering a subordinating conjunction, you will see that the verb is moved to the end of the sentence.<\/p>\n<p>How to spot a subordinating conjunction, you may wonder?<\/p>\n<p>These words indicate you\u2019re dealing with one:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>bevor<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>nachdem<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>after<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>ehe<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>seit, seitdem<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>since (indicating time, not a causality)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>w\u00e4hrend<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>while, during, whereas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>als<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>when (in describing past events)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>wenn<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>when (describing present and future), if, whenever<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>wann<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>when (for questions only)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>bis<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>until, by<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>obwohl<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>although<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>als ob, als wenn, als<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>as if<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>sooft<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>as often as (whenever)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>sobald<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>as soon as<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>solange<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>as long as<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>da<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>because<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>indem<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>by \u2026 -ing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>weil<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>because<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>ob<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>whether*, if (*only use when you could say \u201cwhether\u201d in English as well)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>falls<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>in case, if<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>wenn<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>if, when<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>um \u2026 zu<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>in order to<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>dass<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>that<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>sodass<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>so that<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>damit<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>so that<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>I\u2019ll admit: compared to the coordinating conjunctions, this is quite the bigger list.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, I also do not have a catchy memory hook to offer this time \u2014 but I\u2019m sure you\u2019ll have the key <strong>subordinating conjunctions<\/strong> down in no time!<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">When to use \u201c<strong>wenn<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>als<\/strong>\u201d?<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>If you are referring to an event in the past that has been completed, you will have to use the word \u201c<strong>als<\/strong>\u201d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Als<\/strong> ich ein Kind war, mochte ich keinen Brokkoli. \u2014 <em>When I was a child, I didn\u2019t like broccoli<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The word \u201c<strong>wenn<\/strong>\u201d can be used to describe a repeated event:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>[Immer] <strong>wenn<\/strong> ich nach Heidelberg gehe, schaue ich mir das Schloss an. \u2014 <em>[Whenever\/] When I go to Heidelberg, I visit the castle<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As you can see, the word \u201c<strong>wenn<\/strong>\u201d can mean both \u201cwhen\u201d and \u201cwhenever\u201d.<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The difference between \u201c<strong>wenn<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>ob<\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Both \u201c<strong>wenn<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>ob<\/strong>\u201d translate to \u201c<em>if<\/em>\u201d, but they <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">cannot be used interchangeably<\/span>. The memory hook here is pretty easy: if you can use \u201cwhether\u201d in English, you will have to use \u201c<strong>ob<\/strong>\u201d in German.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ob<\/strong> es stimmt, wei\u00df ich nicht. \u2014 <strong><em>Whether<\/em><\/strong><em> it\u2019s true I don\u2019t know<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wenn<\/strong> das wahr ist, will ich mir die Konsequenzen nicht ausmalen. \u2014 <strong><em>If<\/em><\/strong><em> this is true, I don\u2019t want to imagine the consequences<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Instead of using \u201c<strong>wenn<\/strong>\u201d to indicate a possibility, you can also use \u201c<strong>falls<\/strong>\u201d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Falls<\/strong> das wahr ist, will ich mir die Konsequenzen nicht ausmalen. \u2014 <strong><em>If<\/em><\/strong><em> this is true, I don\u2019t want to imagine the consequences<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Using \u201c<strong>wann<\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>As stated above, \u201c<strong>wann<\/strong>\u201d is only used for questions.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Wann<\/strong> gehst du nach Stuttgart? \u2014 <strong><em>When<\/em><\/strong><em> are you going to Stuttgart<\/em>?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u201c<strong>Nach<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>nachdem<\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>There is a simple rule you can follow when it comes to using \u201c<strong>nach<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>nachdem<\/strong>\u201d: \u201c<strong>Nachdem<\/strong>\u201d is used with actions, whereas \u201c<strong>nach<\/strong>\u201d is used with nouns.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Wir haben uns <strong>nach<\/strong> der Arbeit getroffen. \u2014 <em>We met up <\/em><strong><em>after<\/em><\/strong><em> work<\/em>. (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Die Arbeit = noun)<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Mir ging es nicht gut, <strong>nachdem<\/strong> ich zu viel Kuchen gegessen hatte. \u2014 <em>I didn\u2019t feel well <\/em><strong><em>after<\/em><\/strong><em> eating too much cake<\/em>. (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Essen = verb\/action)<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u201c<strong>Seit<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>seitdem<\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>The usage of \u201c<strong>seit<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>seitdem<\/strong>\u201d is similar to \u201c<strong>nach<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>nachdem<\/strong>\u201d: you can use \u201c<strong>seit<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>seitdem<\/strong>\u201d both with actions and nouns, but when encountering nouns, you can only use \u201c<strong>seit<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Seitdem<\/strong> er mit seiner neuen Freundin zusammen ist, hat er sich sehr ver\u00e4ndert. \u2014 <strong><em>Since<\/em><\/strong><em> he got together with his new girlfriend, he has changed a lot<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Er schl\u00e4ft <strong>seit<\/strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Beginn<\/span> des Films. \u2014 <em>He\u2019s been sleeping <\/em><strong><em>since<\/em><\/strong><em> the beginning of the movie<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Differences between \u201c<strong>da<\/strong>\u201d and \u201c<strong>weil<\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>There are no differences between the two words, with one exception: \u201c<strong>da<\/strong>\u201d is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">more formal<\/span> than \u201c<strong>weil<\/strong>\u201d (both mean <em>because<\/em>). So if you\u2019re writing a formal letter or you are in a situation that requires less informal language, choosing \u201c<strong>da<\/strong>\u201d over \u201c<strong>weil<\/strong>\u201d is probably the more suitable decision.<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u201c<strong>Bevor<\/strong>\u201d und \u201c<strong>ehe<\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Same as above: \u201c<strong>ehe<\/strong>\u201d is more formal than \u201c<strong>bevor<\/strong>\u201d. It is to note though that \u201c<strong>bevor<\/strong>\u201d is used with actions, but the shorter form \u201c<strong>vor<\/strong>\u201d can only be used with nouns.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Wir sollten uns treffen, <strong>bevor<\/strong> es dunkel wird. \u2014 <em>We should meet up <\/em><strong><em>before<\/em><\/strong><em> it gets dark<\/em>. (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Dunkel werden = action<\/span>)<\/li>\n<li>Wir treffen uns <strong>vor<\/strong> dem Theater. \u2014 <em>We\u2019re meeting up in front of the theater.\u00a0<\/em>(<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Theater = noun<\/span>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>W\u00e4hrend<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u201cW\u00e4hrend\u201d can mean \u201cduring\u201d or also \u201cwhereas\u201d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>W\u00e4hrend<\/strong> des Vortrages ist er eingeschlafen. \u2014 <strong><em>During<\/em><\/strong><em> the lecture, he fell asleep<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Er hat blonde Haare, <strong>w\u00e4hrend<\/strong> sein Bruder rote Haare hat. \u2014 <em>He has blond hair, <\/em><strong><em>whereas<\/em><\/strong><em> his brother has red hair<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Bis<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Er hat <strong>bis<\/strong> um acht Uhr geschlafen. \u2014 <em>He slept <\/em><strong><em>until<\/em><\/strong><em> eight o\u2019clock<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bis<\/strong> er das merkt werden Stunden vergangen sein. \u2014 <strong><em>By<\/em><\/strong><em> the time he realizes that, hours will have passed<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Obwohl<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Obwohl<\/strong> er nur zw\u00f6lf Jahre alt ist, ist er ein begnadeter Schlagzeuger. \u2014 <strong><em>Although<\/em><\/strong><em> he is only twelve years old, he is a very talented drummer<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Um \u2026 zu<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Um<\/strong> ihr eine Freude<strong> zu<\/strong> machen, hat er ihr Blumen gekauft. \u2014 <em>In order to make her happy, he bought her flowers<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Dass<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Just like the English translation \u201c<em>that<\/em>\u201d, \u201c<strong>dass<\/strong>\u201d can be omitted in a sentence:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Er glaubt, <strong>dass<\/strong> die Erde eine Scheibe sei. \u2014 <em>He believes <\/em><strong><em>that<\/em><\/strong><em> the Earth is a disc<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Er glaubt, die Erde sei eine Scheibe. \u2014 <em>He believes the Earth is a disc<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Sodass<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Er behauptete, eine Erk\u00e4ltung zu haben, <strong>sodass<\/strong> er seinen Aufsatz nicht vor der Klasse vorlesen musste. \u2014 <em>He claimed to have a cold <\/em><strong><em>so that<\/em><\/strong><em> he didn\u2019t have to read his essay in front of the class<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Indem<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Hans sicherte sich eine gute Note, <strong>indem<\/strong> er sich beim Lehrer einschleimte. \u2014 <strong><em>By<\/em><\/strong><em> brown-nosing the teacher, Hans made sure he got a good grade<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Sooft, sobald, solange<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sooft<\/strong> er sich auch bem\u00fchte, seine Franz\u00f6sischkenntnisse wurden nicht besser. \u2014 <strong><em>As often<\/em><\/strong><em> as he tried, his French skills didn\u2019t get better<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sobald<\/strong> wir genug Geld gespart haben, wollen wir nach Bali reisen. \u2014 <strong><em>As soon<\/em><\/strong><em> as we have enough money saved up, we want to travel to Bali<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Solange<\/strong> sie ihre Einstellung nicht \u00e4ndert, wird sie keinen Erfolg haben. \u2014 <strong><em>As long as<\/em><\/strong><em> she doesn\u2019t change her attitude, she won\u2019t be successful<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Als wenn, als ob, als<\/span> <\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Er hat die Pr\u00fcfung bestanden,<strong> als ob<\/strong> es nichts w\u00e4re. \u2014 <em>He passed his exam <\/em><strong><em>as if<\/em><\/strong><em> it was nothing<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Er tat so, <strong>als ob<\/strong> er davon noch nie geh\u00f6rt hatte. \u2014 <em>He pretended <\/em><strong><em>as if<\/em><\/strong><em> he never had heard of it before<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Dieser Grash\u00fcpfer sieht so aus <strong>als<\/strong> w\u00e4re er ein Zweig. \u2014 <em>This grasshopper looks like <\/em><strong><em>as if<\/em><\/strong><em> it was a twig<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Damit<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Er stellte er sich zwei Wecker, damit er nicht verschlief. \u2014 <em>He set two alarms, so that he wouldn\u2019t oversleep<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>This was \u2014 admittedly \u2014 a lot of info for one single blog post. German conjunctions (as you can see) is a pretty broad field that is full of irregularities and words that change meaning depending on <em>how<\/em> they\u2019re used.<\/p>\n<p>So don\u2019t stress if you don\u2019t have them down in an instant \u2014 it is something that even some Germans do struggle with!<\/p>\n<p>As soon as you feel ready to tackle the topic of German conjunctions, you can test your knowledge with Clozemaster!<\/p>\n<p><em>Viel Erfolg<\/em>!<\/p>\n<h2>Challenge yourself with Clozemaster<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Test your skills and see what you&#8217;ve learned from this article by playing a selection of sentences with all kinds of German conjunctions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe style=\"border: 2px solid green;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/embedded\/languages\/deu-eng\/collections\/\/9a4e5412-bf5c-4b83-8333-aeb497dd390f\/play?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;skill=vocabulary&amp;sentences_per_round=10&amp;mode=multiple-choice\" width=\"100%\" height=\"640\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span>\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/languages\/learn-german-online\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sign up here<\/a> to save your progress and start getting fluent with thousands of German sentences at Clozemaster.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Clozemaster\u00a0<\/strong>has been designed to help you learn the language in context by filling in the gaps in authentic sentences. With\u00a0features such as Grammar Challenges, Cloze-Listening, and Cloze-Reading, the app will let you emphasize all the competencies necessary to become fluent in German.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/languages\/learn-german-online\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Take your German to the next level. Click here to start practicing with real German sentences!<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cThis dress is so pretty, but it\u2019s just a little bit too short.\u201d \u201cI had to go home because I wasn\u2019t feeling well.\u201d \u201cHe didn\u2019t study very hard and therefore he failed his classes.\u201d What do all these sentences have in common? If you take a closer look at the way these statements are structured, &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/german-conjunctions\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">German Conjunctions (Konjunktionen): A Complete Guide<\/span>Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1018],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v16.7 (Yoast SEO v17.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>German Conjunctions (Konjunktionen): A Complete Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Conjunctions are what allows us to construct long and complicated sentences instead of only communicating with short and simple ones. 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