{"id":2516,"date":"2018-08-15T21:06:27","date_gmt":"2018-08-15T21:06:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/?p=2516"},"modified":"2018-09-28T19:11:56","modified_gmt":"2018-09-28T19:11:56","slug":"russian-genitive-case","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/russian-genitive-case\/","title":{"rendered":"A Comprehensive Guide to the Russian Genitive Case"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

There is no doubt about it: Russian loves <\/em>its case system, and with the whole language choosing to make sense using a case system rather than word order, it\u2019s not going anywhere any time soon. Today, we’re going to take a good look at one of the most important components of this system: the Russian genitive case.<\/p>\n

Do you want to know\u00a0how to form the Russian genitive and when <\/em>to use it?<\/p>\n

Well, buckle up, because we are going to go on an adventure together.<\/p>\n

General Rules for the Russian Genitive<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The Simple Parts of the Russian Genitive:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

In its most simplified sense, the Russian genitive gives us the idea of something coming from something else.<\/p>\n

This includes:<\/p>\n

Possession<\/h4>\n
    \n
  • \u0441<\/span>\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430 <\/strong>\u2013<\/span><\/span>\u00a0father\u2019s dog <\/em><\/li>\n
  • \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0446 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/span> \u2013 the dog\u2019s father<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    The word in bold is the person that owns the other object.<\/p>\n

    Authorship<\/h4>\n
      \n
    • \u0441<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u0445\u0438 \u0410.\u0421.<\/strong> \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013 the poems of Pushkin <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      The poems were written by Pushkin, therefore they are of<\/em> Pushkin.<\/p>\n

      General \u2018of\u2019<\/h4>\n
        \n
      • \u0442\u044f\u0433\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013\u00a0the tribulations of everyday life <\/em><\/li>\n
      • \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0the Department of Agriculture<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Quantity<\/h4>\n

        When talking about quantity, we use the following indefinite numerals followed by the genitive:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\/\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013a lot of \/ not many children<\/em><\/li>\n
        • \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\/\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0445\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0430<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 a little \/ quite a lot of bread<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n
        • \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0a few years<\/em><\/li>\n
        • \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\/\u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013 enough \/ not enough money<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n
        • \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440<\/strong>\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/span>? \u2013<\/span>\u00a0how many rubles?<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          We also use the genitive with the verb \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/em>\/\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/em> – to be enough:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 <\/strong><\/span>\u2013 there will be enough time<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Prepositions Taking the Genitive<\/h3>\n

            The genitive is also used after a series of prepositions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \u0443<\/strong><\/td>\nnext to, by (also used in the construction \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f, \u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f\u2026)<\/em><\/td>\n\u0443 <\/span>\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f<\/strong><\/span> \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430.<\/td>\n

            		next to the table<\/p>\n

            I have a sister.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \u0434\u043b\u044f<\/strong><\/td>\nfor<\/td>\n\u0422\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0451<\/span><\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a.<\/td>\nHere is a present for her.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0438\u0437<\/strong><\/td>\nof, from<\/td>\n\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0410\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0438<\/strong>.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            \u041c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0438<\/em><\/strong>.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n

            		She is from England.<\/p>\n

            My jacket is made of leather.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

            \u043e\u0442<\/strong><\/td>\nfrom<\/td>\n\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/span><\/strong>?<\/td>\nWhen did you last receive a letter from him?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0431\u0435\u0437<\/strong><\/td>\nwithout<\/td>\n\u041f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/strong>.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nPlease copy out this letter without any mistakes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0434\u043e<\/strong><\/td>\nuntil, up to, to<\/td>\n\u0423 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u0430<\/strong>.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nHis beard reached his waist.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Verbs Taking the Genitive<\/h3>\n

            Still with us? Good. There are also some verbs which tend to take the genitive. Unfortunately, like all the best parts of the Russian language, you will have to memorise them. Here are a couple for you:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \/ \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong><\/td>\nto achieve, to obtain<\/td>\n\u041c\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u0430<\/strong><\/span> \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438.<\/td>\nWe succeeded (achieved success) <\/em>thanks to his help.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \/ \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong><\/td>\nto desire, to wish<\/td>\n\u042f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f<\/span><\/strong>!<\/td>\nI wish you all the best!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong><\/td>\nto deserve<\/td>\n\u041e\u043d \u0432\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span><\/strong>.<\/td>\nHe fully deserves punishment.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Got that? Excellent<\/em>. Let\u2019s move on, shall we?<\/p>\n

            The Slightly More Tricky Parts of the Russian Genitive:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

            Numerals:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

            Ah yes, numerals!\u00a0<\/em>The Russian genitive case loves <\/em>numerals. So much so that the genitive case decides to have a little party and go absolutely bonkers depending on what number we use.<\/p>\n

            A very watered down explanation is this:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • 1<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 takes the nominative singular.<\/li>\n
            • 2, 3, 4<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 takes the genitive<\/strong><\/span> singular\u00a0<\/em>(any number that ends in 2, 3, or 4 also takes the genitive singular).<\/li>\n
            • Anything other than 1, 2, 3, or 4<\/strong> takes the genitive <\/span><\/strong>plural.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              So it goes like this:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • 1 \u043a\u043e\u0442 \u2013 1 cat<\/em><\/li>\n
              • 3 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u0430<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013 3 cats<\/em><\/li>\n
              • 56 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013 56 cats<\/em><\/li>\n
              • 56982 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u0430<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013 56982 cats<\/em> (because it ends with a 2<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Right, let\u2019s move onto the next sneaky beast\u2026<\/p>\n

                The Partitive Genitive:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

                If you guessed that this might have something to do with parts <\/em>of something, then you would be correct.<\/p>\n

                The partitive genitive in Russian is used when we talk about having part <\/em>of something. When we talk about eating bread, we (usually) don\u2019t mean we eat the entire loaf of bread. Russian also has to make this distinction, and so puts the object into the genitive.<\/p>\n

                \u041e\u043d \u0441\u044a\u0435\u043b \u0445\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0430<\/strong><\/span>.\u00a0\u2013\u00a0He ate <\/em>some <\/em><\/strong>bread.<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u041e\u043d \u0441\u044a\u0435\u043b \u0445\u043b\u0435\u0431<\/strong>.\u2013<\/span><\/span>\u00a0He ate <\/em>all <\/em><\/strong>the bread.<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u041e\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/span>.\u00a0\u2013\u00a0He drank <\/em>some<\/em><\/strong> vodka.<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u041e\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0443<\/strong><\/span>.\u00a0\u2013\u00a0He drank<\/em> all<\/em><\/strong> the vodka.<\/em><\/p>\n

                However, Russian doesn\u2019t like us to keep us too <\/em>comfortable, so some <\/em>of these partitive genitives have different forms than their normal run-of-the-mill genitives. These genitive forms are used with verbs, receptacles and indefinite numerals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive singular (normal)<\/strong><\/td>\nPartitive genitive<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043b\u0443\u043a<\/td>\n\u043b\u0443\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043b\u0443\u043a\u0443<\/strong><\/td>\nonion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440<\/td>\n\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0443<\/strong><\/td>\nsugar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0447\u0430\u0439<\/td>\n\u0447\u0430\u044f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0447\u0430\u044e<\/strong><\/td>\ntea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u0443\u043f<\/td>\n\u0441\u0443\u043f\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0443\u043f\u0443<\/strong><\/td>\nsoup<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043a<\/td>\n\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043a\u0443<\/strong><\/td>\ntobacco<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                This happens largely with\u00a0masculine <\/em>nouns ending in consonants. Have fun with that!<\/p>\n

                How to Form the Genitive in Russian?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

                Well, you\u2019ve got this far, I guess we should probably learn how to actually form the Russian genitive, shouldn\u2019t we?<\/p>\n

                We will start with masculine nouns:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive singular<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive plural<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b<\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na table<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043a<\/td>\n\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na bell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043e\u0442\u0435<\/strong>\u0446<\/td>\n\u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043e\u0442\u0446\u043e\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na father<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430<\/strong>\u043d\u0435\u0446<\/td>\n\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na foreigner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043d\u043e\u0436<\/td>\n\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d<\/td>\n\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043d<\/td>\nan Englishman<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043a\u043e\u0442\u0451\u043d\u043e\u043a<\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0451\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0442<\/td>\na kitten<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044c<\/td>\n\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na play<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                Let\u2019s have a closer look at this.<\/p>\n

                \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b <\/em><\/strong>is a hard-ending noun, therefore for genitive singular you add on -\u0430<\/em><\/strong>, and for genitive plural you add on –\u0435\u0432<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u0417\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043a <\/em><\/strong>is a noun which ends in –\u043e\u043a<\/em>, therefore the little \u043e<\/em> disappears between the \u043d<\/em> and the \u043a<\/em> for the genitive. This happens as a general rule with -\u043e\u043a, -\u0435\u043a <\/em>and -\u0451\u043a <\/em>nouns.<\/p>\n

                \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0446 <\/em><\/strong>is a noun which has an end stress. Notice how that little e <\/em>between \u0442<\/em> and \u0446<\/em> disappears as well! Because this is an end stress noun, we have \u043e\u0442\u0446\u043e\u0432 <\/strong><\/em>in the genitive plural.<\/p>\n

                However, \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0446 <\/em><\/strong>is a stem-stress noun. The \u0435<\/em> still disappears, but because you can\u2019t have an unstressed \u043e<\/em> after a \u0446<\/em> in the Russian language, <\/strong>we have \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n

                Because \u043d\u043e\u0436<\/em><\/strong> ends in a \u0436<\/em>, our genitive plural ends in a -\u0435\u0439<\/em><\/strong>. This happens for all nouns that end in -\u0436, -\u0447, -\u0448,<\/em> and -\u0449<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                \u0410\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d<\/em><\/strong>, and any Russian noun that ends in -\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d <\/em>or -\u044f\u043d\u0438\u043d <\/em>follows the same pattern for genitive singular, but loses its final -\u0438\u043d<\/em> in genitive plural.<\/p>\n

                \u041a\u043e\u0442\u0451\u043d\u043e\u043a<\/strong>, <\/em>being part of the -\u043e\u043a<\/em> band of nouns, drops its –o <\/em>in the genitive singular. However, it goes one step further and morphs into \u043a\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0442<\/em> for the genitive plural. Anything ending in -\u0451\u043d\u043e\u043a<\/em> or -\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043a<\/em> (mostly the young of animals) follows this pattern.<\/p>\n

                \u0421\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044c<\/em><\/strong>, being a masculine noun ending in -\u044c, ends in –\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>in the genitive.<\/p>\n

                Of course, we also have some lovely Russian exceptions for you to learn as well!<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive singular<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive plural<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442<\/td>\n\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na brother<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442<\/td>\n\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na leaf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b<\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na chair<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043c\u0443\u0436<\/td>\n\u043c\u0443\u0436\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043c\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na husband<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u044b\u043d<\/td>\n\u0441\u044b\u043d\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na son<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433<\/td>\n\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na friend<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                Next onto our neuter<\/strong> nouns in the genitive:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive singular<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive plural<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e<\/td>\n\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442<\/td>\na place<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/td>\n\u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\nsea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na generation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f<\/td>\n\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0451\u043d<\/strong><\/td>\ntime<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                \u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e<\/em><\/strong>, and other -\u043e<\/em> ending neuter nouns follow the same pattern: subtract the -\u043e <\/em>and replace it with an -\u0430 <\/em><\/strong>for the genitive singular, and leave the end with nothing for the genitive plural.<\/p>\n

                The \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435 <\/em><\/strong>pattern gives us the formula for a -\u0435<\/em> ending. Replace the -\u0435 <\/em>with a -\u044f <\/em><\/strong>for the genitive singular, and replace it with -\u0435\u0439<\/strong> <\/em>for the genitive plural.<\/p>\n

                \u041f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/em><\/strong> replaces the -\u0435<\/em> with -\u044f <\/em><\/strong>in genitive singular, and in the genitive plural, it is replaced with -\u0439<\/strong>. <\/em><\/p>\n

                \u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f<\/strong>, <\/em>like all Russian neuter nouns ending in -\u043c\u044f, <\/em>loses its final -\u044f<\/em> and replaces it with -\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/em><\/strong> for the genitive singular, and then for the genitive plural, replaces it with -\u0451\u043d<\/em><\/strong>, with the \u0435<\/em> morphing into a \u0451<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                There are, naturally, a few exceptions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive singular<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive plural<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e<\/td>\n\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044c\u0435\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na tree<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u043e<\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na wing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e<\/td>\n\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0432<\/strong><\/td>\na feather, a pen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na knee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u043e<\/td>\n\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447<\/td>\na shoulder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0443\u0445\u043e<\/td>\n\u0443\u0445\u0430<\/td>\n\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\nan ear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e<\/td>\n\u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n\u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a<\/td>\nan apple<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                As an interesting side note, the Russian genitive plural of \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e<\/em> (summer) is the same as the genitive plural of the word for a year: 8 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434<\/em> = 8 years ago. You can sort of see why.<\/p>\n

                Finally, feminine nouns:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive singular<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive plural<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430<\/td>\n\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0434<\/td>\na panda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/td>\n\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0436\u0451\u043d<\/td>\na wife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043a<\/td>\na girl<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/td>\n\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433<\/td>\na book<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u044f<\/td>\n\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0437\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/td>\nearth<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f<\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\nan article<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na station<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na flock, a pack, a shoal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\na bed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                The Russian genitive of feminine nouns is fairly straightforward, although following the spelling rules in Russian, all of the feminine nouns end in either -\u044b<\/strong> or -\u0438<\/strong> in the genitive singular.<\/p>\n

                With words which end in -\u0430<\/em>, like \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430<\/em><\/strong>, the -\u0430<\/em> changes to a -\u044b <\/em><\/strong>for genitive singular and disappears completely for genitive plural.<\/p>\n

                \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430<\/strong>, <\/em>being part of the Russian spelling rule (where \u044b can not follow a \u043a) changes its genitive singular ending to an -\u0438, <\/em>and as it cannot have a \u0448\u043a<\/em> together with no vowel, slips an –\u0435-\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>in between the \u0448<\/em> and \u043a. <\/em><\/p>\n

                Similarly \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/strong>, <\/em>following the spelling rule of no \u044b <\/em>after \u0433, <\/em>ends with a -\u0438<\/em><\/strong> in the genitive singular and rids itself of the ending altogether in the genitive plural.<\/p>\n

                \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u044f<\/em><\/strong>, ending in a soft sound, ends in a -\u0438<\/em> with the genitive singular and replaces it with a soft sign (\u044c<\/em>) in the genitive plural. Of course, because \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u044c<\/em> would sound awkward, it sneaks in a little -\u0435- <\/em><\/strong>between its \u043c <\/em>and \u043b.<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f<\/em><\/strong>, and other nouns which end in -\u044c\u044f<\/em>, replace their ending with –<\/strong>\u0435\u0439<\/strong>,<\/em> whereas \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/em><\/strong> and other nouns which end in -\u0438\u044f<\/em> replace their endings in the genitive plural with -\u0438\u0439<\/em><\/strong>. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u044f<\/em> (-\u044f<\/em>) and \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/em> (-\u044c<\/em>) follow similar patterns.<\/p>\n

                Russian Genitive and Other Parts of Speech<\/strong><\/h2>\n

                Well of course, you\u2019re all clued-up on nouns, but how about forming the Russian genitive for other elements of speech? Well, you\u2019ll be glad to know that pronouns are a lot easier, as are adjectives. We\u2019ll run through these quickly.<\/p>\n

                Adjectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                Russian adjectives in the genitive are incredibly simple. Firstly, masculine and neuter nouns end replace their respective -\u044b\u0439\/-\u043e\u0439\/-\u0438\u0439 <\/em>and -\u043e\u0435\/-\u0435\u0435 <\/em>endings with -\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/strong>\/-\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/strong><\/em> depending on whether they\u2019re hard-ending or soft-ending adjectives. Feminine adjectives in the genitive end with -\u043e\u0439<\/strong>\/-\u0435\u0439<\/strong>,\u00a0<\/em>and plurals, you\u2019ll be glad to hear, end with -\u044b\u0445<\/strong>\/-\u0438\u0445<\/strong><\/em> across the board, with no deviation in gender.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                <\/td>\nMasculine<\/strong><\/td>\nNeuter<\/strong><\/td>\nFeminine<\/strong><\/td>\nPlural<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439<\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0435<\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0435<\/td>\nbeautiful \/ handsome<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Genitive<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                <\/td>\nMasculine<\/strong><\/td>\nNeuter<\/strong><\/td>\nFeminine<\/strong><\/td>\nPlural<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/td>\n\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0435<\/td>\n\u0441\u0438\u043d\u044f\u044f<\/td>\n\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\nblue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Genitive<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0445<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                Pronouns<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                The genitive declension of Russian pronouns is straightforward, and after having gone through them a few times, they should stick in your mind very easily.<\/p>\n

                Personal Pronouns<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Singular<\/strong><\/td>\nPlural<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\nNominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u044f<\/td>\n\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f<\/td>\nI<\/td>\n\u043c\u044b<\/td>\n\u043d\u0430\u0441<\/td>\nwe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0442\u044b<\/td>\n\u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f<\/td>\nyou<\/td>\n\u0432\u044b<\/td>\n\u0432\u0430\u0441<\/td>\nyou<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043e\u043d<\/td>\n\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nhe<\/td>\n\u043e\u043d\u0438<\/td>\n\u0438\u0445<\/td>\nthey<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043e\u043d\u0430<\/td>\n\u0435\u0451<\/td>\nshe<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043e\u043d\u043e<\/td>\n\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nit<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                Demonstrative Pronouns<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442<\/td>\n\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nthis (masc.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u044d\u0442\u0430<\/td>\n\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439<\/td>\nthis (fem.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u044d\u0442\u043e<\/td>\n\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nthis (neut.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0442\u043e\u0442<\/td>\n\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nthat (masc.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0442\u0430<\/td>\n\u0442\u043e\u0439<\/td>\nthat (fem.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0442\u043e<\/td>\n\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nthat (neut.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                Possessive Pronouns<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043c\u043e\u0439<\/td>\n\u043c\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nmy (masc.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043c\u043e\u044f<\/td>\n\u043c\u043e\u0435\u0439<\/td>\nmy (fem.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043c\u043e\u0435<\/td>\n\u043c\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nmy (neut.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043c\u043e\u0438<\/td>\n\u043c\u043e\u0438\u0445<\/td>\nmy (pl.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043d\u0430\u0448<\/td>\n\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nour (masc.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430<\/td>\n\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439<\/td>\nour (fem.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435<\/td>\n\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nour (neut.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438<\/td>\n\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445<\/td>\nour (pl.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                \u0422\u0432\u043e\u0439 <\/em>(your<\/em>, singular) declines in the same way as \u043c\u043e\u0439<\/em>, and \u0432\u0430\u0448<\/em> (your<\/em>, plural) declines in the same way as \u043d\u0430\u0448<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                \u0415\u0433\u043e, \u0435\u0451<\/em> and \u0438\u0445<\/em> are indeclinable and invariable.<\/p>\n

                Interrogative and relative pronouns <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\nGenitive<\/strong><\/td>\nTranslation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043a\u0442\u043e<\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nwho<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0447\u0442\u043e<\/td>\n\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/td>\nwhat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439\/\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f\/\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435\/\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\/\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439\/\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\/\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445<\/td>\nwhat kind<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439\/\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f\/\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435\/\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435<\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\/\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439\/\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\/\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445<\/td>\nwho<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0447\u0435\u0439\/\u0447\u044c\u044f\/\u0447\u044c\u0451\/\u0447\u044c\u0438<\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e\/\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0439\/\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e\/\u0447\u044c\u0438\u0445<\/td>\nwhose<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                As you can see above, the pronouns decline very similarly to adjectives, and so they are a very easy formula to follow.<\/p>\n

                \n

                So, that brings us to the end of our genitive guide! I hope you have as much fun using the Russian genitive with ease as I do, because you will seriously impress those Russians when you demonstrate your excellent grammar!<\/p>\n

                Just remember, that nothing comes overnight, and Russians themselves slip up in their grammar, all it takes is practise, practise, practise!<\/em><\/p>\n

                \u0423\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438!<\/p>\n

                Challenge yourself with Clozemaster<\/h2>\n

                Test your skills and see what you’ve learned from this article by playing a selection of sentences with the Russian genitive.<\/strong><\/p>\n