{"id":1992,"date":"2018-06-01T14:33:34","date_gmt":"2018-06-01T14:33:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/?p=1992"},"modified":"2018-06-01T14:33:34","modified_gmt":"2018-06-01T14:33:34","slug":"romanian-nouns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/romanian-nouns\/","title":{"rendered":"Romanian Nouns: Gender and Declension Reference Grammar"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/h2>\n

Gender<\/strong><\/h2>\n

On the basis of their grammatical structure, Romanian nouns are divided into three classes (traditionally called genders): masculine, feminine,<\/strong> and neuter. <\/strong>The form of the indefinite article that accompanies a noun and the ending of the noun indicate the gender to which the noun belongs.<\/p>\n

Masculine nouns<\/strong> take a consonant <\/strong>plus \u2013u, -e,<\/em><\/strong> or \u2013i<\/em><\/strong> endings and the plural is marked by a final \u2013i.<\/em><\/strong> The indefinite articles <\/strong>for masculine nouns are un<\/em><\/strong> for singular and ni\u0219te<\/em><\/strong> for plural. Since ni\u0219te<\/em> <\/strong>is also the plural form for feminines and neuters, the way Romanians clearly identify the gender of nouns is by placing a cardinal numeral in front of the noun. (The Romanian cardinal numerals one (un, o)<\/em> <\/strong>and two (doi, dou\u0103)<\/em><\/strong> agree in gender and number with the noun that follows.) The definite articles<\/strong> are all inflected. Most singular masculine nouns end in \u2013l,<\/em><\/strong> plural \u2013i.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Article<\/strong><\/td>\nMasc. Singular<\/strong><\/td>\nMasc. Plural<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Indefinite<\/strong><\/td>\nun b\u0103rba<\/em>t
\n<\/em><\/strong>un fi<\/em>u
\n<\/em><\/strong>un munt<\/em>e
\n<\/em><\/strong>un pu<\/em>i<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n		ni\u0219te\/doi b\u0103rba\u021b<\/em>i
\n<\/em><\/strong>ni\u0219te\/doi fi<\/em>i
\n<\/em><\/strong>ni\u0219te\/doi mun\u021b<\/em>i
\n<\/em><\/strong>ni\u0219te\/doi pu<\/em>i<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Definite<\/strong><\/td>\nb\u0103rbat(u)<\/em>l
\n<\/em><\/strong>fiu<\/em>l
\n<\/em><\/strong>munte<\/em>le
\n<\/em><\/strong>puiu<\/em>l<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n		b\u0103rba\u021bi<\/em>i
\n<\/em><\/strong>fii<\/em>i
\n<\/em><\/strong>mun\u021bi<\/em>i
\n<\/em><\/strong>pui<\/em>i<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Feminine nouns <\/strong>end in \u2013a, -e, -ea, -a.<\/em> <\/strong>Plurals are marked by \u2013le, -e<\/em> <\/strong>or \u2013i<\/em><\/strong> endings. The indefinite articles<\/strong> for feminine nouns are o<\/em><\/strong> for singular and ni\u0219te<\/em><\/strong> for plural. The definite articles are \u2013a<\/em><\/strong> for singular and \u2013le<\/em><\/strong> for plural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Article<\/strong><\/td>\nFem. Singular<\/strong><\/td>\nFem. Plural<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Indefinite<\/strong><\/td>\no cafe<\/em>a
\n<\/em><\/strong>o fat<\/em>\u0103
\n<\/em><\/strong>o femei<\/em>e<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n		ni\u0219te\/dou\u0103 cafe<\/em>le
\n<\/em><\/strong>ni\u0219te\/ dou\u0103 fet<\/em>e
\n<\/em><\/strong>ni\u0219te\/ dou\u0103 feme<\/em>i<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Definite<\/strong><\/td>\ncafeau<\/em>a
\n<\/em><\/strong>fat<\/em>a
\n<\/em><\/strong>femei<\/em>a<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n		cafele<\/em>le
\n<\/em><\/strong>fete<\/em>le
\n<\/em><\/strong>femei<\/em>le<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

In form, the Neuter<\/strong> appears as masculine singular <\/strong>and feminine plural.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Article<\/strong><\/td>\nNeuter Singular<\/strong><\/td>\nNeuter Plural<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Indefinite<\/strong><\/td>\nun autobu<\/em>z
\n<\/em><\/strong>un hote<\/em>l<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n		ni\u0219te\/dou\u0103 autobuz<\/em>e
\n<\/em><\/strong>ni\u0219te\/ dou\u0103 hotel<\/em>uri<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Definite<\/strong><\/td>\nautobuzu<\/em>l
\n<\/em><\/strong>hotelu<\/em>l<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n		aubotuze<\/em>le
\n<\/em><\/strong>hoteluri<\/em>le<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Declension<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Romanian is an inflected language, with endings on all nouns according to their usage in the sentence. Even though there are five cases (Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative <\/strong>and Vocative), <\/strong>the Nominative and Accusative have identical endings, and so do the Genitive and Dative. Therefore, within each gender, there are two main endings, in singular and plural form. (Vocative is only used with proper names and has been replaced with the Nom.-Acc. form on most occasions.)<\/p>\n

Each case would be defined as follows:<\/p>\n

Nom.: <\/strong>subject case (person or thing that generates an action):<\/p>\n