{"id":1272,"date":"2021-12-30T15:05:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-30T15:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/?p=1272"},"modified":"2022-01-05T20:12:49","modified_gmt":"2022-01-05T20:12:49","slug":"dutch-personal-pronouns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/dutch-personal-pronouns\/","title":{"rendered":"The Complete Guide to Dutch Personal Pronouns"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5100\" src=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/business-3167295_1920-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/business-3167295_1920-scaled.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/business-3167295_1920-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/business-3167295_1920-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/business-3167295_1920-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/business-3167295_1920-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/h1>\n<h2>Dutch Personal Pronouns<\/h2>\n<p>Personal pronouns are words such as <em>I, me, your<\/em> and <em>it<\/em>, words which are used to refer to a specific person or actor without having to mention them explicitly. Pronominal forms are a key element of all languages and must be learned early in one&#8217;s linguistic journey to communicate effectively. This article discusses Dutch personal pronouns and provides an overview of all key information.<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"post-1272-_p1xp3qsbk4ep\"><\/a><strong>Dutch subject personal pronouns<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>There are two types of personal pronouns: those that function as the subject of the sentence, and those that function as the object.<\/p>\n<p>Subject personal pronouns can refer to both people and things. We often use them to refer to people or things that were mentioned before, to avoid repeating ourselves.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Tom<\/em> woont in Amsterdam. <strong>Hij<\/strong> woont op een boot. <em>(Tom<\/em> lives in Amsterdam. <strong>He<\/strong> lives on a boat.)<\/li>\n<li>Wat kosten <em>de bloemen<\/em>? <strong>Ze<\/strong> kosten vijf euro. (How much are <em>the flowers<\/em>? <strong>They<\/strong> are five euros.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The below table shows the different forms of the subject personal pronouns.<\/p>\n<table width=\"987\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"963\" height=\"20\">\n<p align=\"left\"><b>Singular<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"127\">\n<p align=\"left\">1st person<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"515\">\n<p align=\"left\">ik<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"281\">\n<p align=\"left\">I<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"127\">\n<p align=\"left\">2nd person<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"515\">\n<p align=\"left\">je\/jij ; u (formal)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"281\">\n<p align=\"left\">you<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"127\">\n<p align=\"left\">3rd person<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"515\">\n<p align=\"left\">hij (masculine) ; ze\/zij (feminine) ; het (neutral)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"281\">\n<p align=\"left\">he; she ; it<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"963\" height=\"22\">\n<p align=\"left\"><b>Plural<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"127\">\n<p align=\"left\">1st person<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"515\">\n<p align=\"left\">we\/wij<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"281\">\n<p align=\"left\">we<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"127\">\n<p align=\"left\">2nd person<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"515\">\n<p align=\"left\">jullie; u (formal)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"281\">\n<p align=\"left\">you<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"127\">\n<p align=\"left\">3rd person<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"515\">\n<p align=\"left\">ze\/zij<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"281\">\n<p align=\"left\">they<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Mostly, Dutch personal pronouns follow a similar pattern to English. There are some differences, which we\u2019ll discuss below.<\/p>\n<h4><a id=\"post-1272-_5qfxsvgsf37s\"><\/a><strong>Putting the emphasis<\/strong><\/h4>\n<table width=\"396\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"260\" height=\"23\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>Jij\/je<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"left\">You<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"260\" height=\"40\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>Zij\/ze<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"left\">She\/they<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"260\" height=\"9\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>Wij\/we<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"left\">We<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>We use the first form (jij\/zij\/wij) if we want to emphasize the subject in the sentence.<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"font-size: revert; color: initial;\">Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ik woon in Amsterdam. Waar woon <strong>jij<\/strong>? (I live in Amsterdam. Where do <strong><em>you<\/em><\/strong> live?)<\/li>\n<li>Onze vrienden gaan op vakantie naar Spanje, maar <strong>wij<\/strong> gaan liever ski\u00ebn. (Our friends are going on holidays in Spain, but <strong><em>we<\/em><\/strong> prefer to go skiing.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><a id=\"post-1272-_5t1l7lu1ny9f\"><\/a><strong>The distinction between <em>u<\/em>, <em>je\/jij en jullie<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>In Dutch, when addressing people in the second person (singular or plural), we use a different personal pronoun <strong>when we speak to someone in a more formal way<\/strong>. Examples of this could be when speaking to your boss, elderly people, people of authority or people you don\u2019t know yet.<\/p>\n<p>Although it is becoming increasingly normal to address people in a more informal way, it\u2019s important to know how and when to use this form.<\/p>\n<p>Note that \u201cu\u201d can be used to address one or more people, but the verb conjugation will remain in the singular form.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Excuseer, weet <strong>u<\/strong> waar het station is? (Pardon me, do <strong>you<\/strong> know where the station is?)<\/li>\n<li>Meneer en mevrouw Jansens, gaat <strong>u<\/strong> naar huis? (Mr and Ms Jansens, are <strong>you<\/strong> going home?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><a id=\"post-1272-_x507vhsaqp7\"><\/a><strong>Referring to things<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>When referring to things, we use only the personal pronouns in the 3rd person (singular and plural). We use \u201chet\u201d to refer to nouns in the singular form which are neuter (meaning they have \u201chet\u201d as their definite article).<\/p>\n<p>To refer to nouns in the singular form that are <em>de<\/em>-words, we usually use the personal pronoun <strong>hij<\/strong>. For nouns in the plural form, we use <strong>ze\/zij<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Note that in Dutch, we typically don\u2019t consider things as masculine or feminine. Occasionally, you might also hear someone referring to an object or organization with <strong>ze\/zij<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Waar is <strong>het boek<\/strong>? <strong>Het<\/strong> zit in mijn tas.<\/li>\n<li>Is <strong>de vis<\/strong> duur? Nee, <strong>hij<\/strong> is niet duur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><a id=\"post-1272-_c45sx52tzlhw\"><\/a><strong>Unstressed forms<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>There are also unstressed forms of <strong>ik (\u2018k)<\/strong>, <strong>hij (-ie)<\/strong> en <strong>het (\u2018t)<\/strong>. These are colloquial forms, that you will mostly hear in speech.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2018k Heb al gegeten (= Ik heb al gegeten; I already ate)<\/li>\n<li>Komt-ie? (=Komt hij?; Is he coming?)<\/li>\n<li>\u2018t is een saai boek. (=Het is een saai boek; It\u2019s a boring book.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-1272-_ohg7as5mbn6l\"><\/a><strong>Dutch object personal pronouns<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Just like subject personal pronouns, object personal pronouns can refer to people and things. We use them to refer to the direct or indirect object of the verb or sentence.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Waar is <em>Tom<\/em>? Ik zie <strong>hem<\/strong> niet. (Where is Tom? I don\u2019t see <strong>him<\/strong>.)<\/li>\n<li><em>De fiets<\/em> is vies. Ik moet <strong>hem<\/strong> wassen. (The bicycle is dirty. I have to wash <strong>it<\/strong>.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table width=\"713\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"338\">\n<p align=\"left\"><b>Subject personal pronoun<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"331\">\n<p align=\"left\"><b>Object personal pronoun<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"338\">\n<p align=\"left\">ik<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"331\">\n<p align=\"left\">mij\/me<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"338\">\n<p align=\"left\">jij\/je;u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"331\">\n<p align=\"left\">jou\/je;u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"338\">\n<p align=\"left\">hij:zij\/ze;het<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"331\">\n<p align=\"left\">hem;haar;het<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"338\" height=\"23\">\n<p align=\"left\">wij\/we<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"331\">\n<p align=\"left\">ons<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"338\">\n<p align=\"left\">jullie<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"331\">\n<p align=\"left\">jullie; u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"338\">\n<p align=\"left\">zij\/ze<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"331\">\n<p align=\"left\">ze;hun;hen<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The object personal pronouns follow the same rules as the subject personal pronouns. This time, we have an emphasized (<strong>mij<\/strong>) en a non-emphasized form (<strong>me<\/strong>) to refer to the first-person singular.<\/p>\n<h4><a id=\"post-1272-_qr39zxwsx8eq\"><\/a><strong>Referring to things<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>When referring to things in the singular form, we use <strong>het<\/strong> for <em>het-words<\/em>, and <strong>hem<\/strong> for <em>de-words<\/em>. Occasionally, also <strong>haar<\/strong> can be used to refer to de-words. In the plural form, we use <strong>ze<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4><a id=\"post-1272-_6nlobtdec97s\"><\/a><strong><em>Ze<\/em>, <em>hun<\/em> or <em>hen<\/em>?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>We have three forms for the 3rd person plural. But how do you know which one to use? There are some rules, but in reality Dutch speakers don\u2019t really distinguish between <strong>hun <\/strong>and <strong>hen<\/strong> anymore.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The form <strong>ze<\/strong> is most common. It can be used to refer to people and things.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hen<\/strong> refers to a person as a direct object.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hun<\/strong> refers to a person as a direct object.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Wat doe je met <em>oude boeken<\/em>? Ik doneer <strong>ze<\/strong>. (What do you do with <em>old books<\/em>? I donate <strong>them<\/strong>.)<\/li>\n<li>Ik heb <strong>hen<\/strong> gisteren geholpen. (I helped <strong>them<\/strong> yesterday.)<\/li>\n<li>Waar zijn <em>je vrienden<\/em>? Ik wil <strong>hun<\/strong> een geschenk geven. (Where are your friends? I want to give them a present.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><a id=\"post-1272-_ajbnnnyurdrb\"><\/a>Dutch Possessive Pronouns<\/h2>\n<p>Possessive pronouns are used to indicate to whom an object belongs. They work mostly in the same ways as in English. There are some more forms, though, and we\u2019ll explain them in more detail below.<\/p>\n<p>The table below shows the possessive pronoun system of Dutch:<\/p>\n<table width=\"911\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\" height=\"20\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i><b>Personal pronoun<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"635\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i><b>Possessive pronoun<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>ik<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"300\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>mijn<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"left\">My<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>jij\/je<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"300\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>jouw\/je<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"left\">Your (singular)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>u<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"300\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>uw<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"left\">Your (formal, singular)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>hij;zij\/ze;het<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"300\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>zijn;haar<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"left\">His;her<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>wij\/we<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"300\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>ons\/onze<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"left\">Our<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>jullie<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"300\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>jullie\/je<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"left\">Your (plural)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>u<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"300\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>uw<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"left\">Your (formal, plural)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"231\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>zij\/ze<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"300\">\n<p align=\"left\"><i>hun<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"left\">Their<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><a id=\"post-1272-_8ib4m2fzdtfy\"><\/a><strong><em>Ons<\/em> of <em>onze?<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The first-person plural possessive pronoun has two forms: <strong>ons<\/strong> and <strong>onze<\/strong>. <strong>Ons<\/strong> is used for het-words in the singular. <strong>Onze<\/strong> is used for de-words in the singular, and all plurals.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dat is <strong>ons<\/strong> huis. (That\u2019s <strong>our<\/strong> house.) (het huis)<\/li>\n<li>Dat zijn <strong>onze<\/strong> huizen (Those are <strong>our<\/strong> houses.)<\/li>\n<li>Wij eten graag <strong>onze<\/strong> eigen groenten. (We like to eat <strong>our<\/strong> own vegetables.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-1272-_gr8gm7vvmucf\"><\/a><strong>Putting the emphasis<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>For the second-person singular, we usually use<strong> je<\/strong>. We only use <strong>jouw<\/strong>, when we want to put the emphasis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Waar is <strong>je<\/strong> boek? (Where is <strong>your<\/strong> book?)<\/li>\n<li>Dit is mijn boek. Waar is <strong>jouw<\/strong> boek? (This is my book. Where is <strong><em>your<\/em><\/strong> book?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-1272-_cqvadpygoobf\"><\/a><strong><em>Jullie<\/em> or <em>je<\/em>?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>In the second-person singular, we need to choose between jullie or je. <strong>Je<\/strong> is used when we are addressing multiple people, but <strong>jullie<\/strong> already appears in the sentence as a subject form.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tom en Katie, <strong>jullie<\/strong> soep is klaar. (Tom and Katie, <strong>your<\/strong> soup is ready.)<\/li>\n<li>Tom en Katie, nemen <em>jullie<\/em> <strong>je<\/strong> soep mee? (Tom and Katie, are <em>you<\/em> taking <strong>your<\/strong> soup with you?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"post-1272-_xjkpx4r4py3c\"><\/a><strong>Unstressed forms<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Mijn<\/strong>, <strong>zijn<\/strong> and <strong>haar<\/strong> also have unstressed forms (<strong>m\u2019n, z\u2019n, d\u2019r<\/strong>). These are typically used in colloquial speech.<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"post-1272-_qlvoevuz56kl\"><\/a><strong>Independent possessive pronouns<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Personal pronouns typically go together with a noun. There also exists a type of personal pronouns that exists <em>independently<\/em> of a noun. Not surprisingly, these are called i<strong>ndependent possessive pronouns. <\/strong>These independent possessive pronouns function mostly the same as in English. Note that they always require an article. There is no independent possessive for its and yours in the plural form.<\/p>\n<table width=\"936\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">mine<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">de\/het mijne<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">yours <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">de\/het jouwe<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">yours (formal)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">de\/het uwe<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">his<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">de\/het zijne<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">hers<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">de\/het hare<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">ours<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">de\/het onze<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">theirs<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: transparent;\" width=\"446\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #202124;\">de\/het hune<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Examples: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Is dat jouw jas? Ja, dat is <strong>de mijne<\/strong>. (Is that your jacket? Yes, it\u2019s mine.)<\/li>\n<li>Zijn dat zijn boeken? Ja dat zijn <strong>de zijne<\/strong>. (Are those his books? Yes, those are his.)<\/li>\n<li>Is dat haar boek? Ja, dat is <strong>het hare<\/strong>. (Is that her book? Yes, that\u2019s hers.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"background: #000; border-radius: 10px; color: #fff; margin-bottom: 1.6em; padding: 20px 30px 30px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 2em; font-weight: bold;\"><span style=\"font-size: 24pt;\">Dutch Pronouns Challenge<\/span><\/div>\n<p>This article has outlined the basic pronominal distinctions in Dutch. Now that you know the basics, why not give the Dutch Pronouns Grammar Challenge a try?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/languages\/learn-dutch-online\"><strong>Practice using Dutch pronouns in actual sentences with Clozemaster!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dutch Personal Pronouns Personal pronouns are words such as I, me, your and it, words which are used to refer to a specific person or actor without having to mention them explicitly. Pronominal forms are a key element of all languages and must be learned early in one&#8217;s linguistic journey to communicate effectively. This article &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clozemaster.com\/blog\/dutch-personal-pronouns\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">The Complete Guide to Dutch Personal Pronouns<\/span>Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2165],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dutch-grammar"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Complete Guide to Dutch Personal Pronouns<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article introduces the Dutch personal pronouns and provides a comprehensive overview of how they are used in everyday speech.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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